| Copyright ©2008-2009 by John T. Sabol |
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Throughout the years of its production, from 1967 to 1998, the Gerber Mark II went through many alterations. Changes in blade steel, blade profile, blade serration, handle material, handle coating material and handle coating color resulted in a large number of knife variations. The knives presented here are organized into several categories, most of which are based on easily observable knife shape or handle type/color. The categories can be accessed from the active buttons above. For each knife, one or more small thumbnail pictures are included. By clicking on the thumbnail, you can access a high-resolution picture of the knife. I have tried to give an approximate serial number range for each knife. Note that these ranges are just a guide as often there are overlaps between knife types. I've also assigned an alphanumeric code to each of the knife types to aid collectors in describing a particular variation without resorting to a lengthy description. Listed below are over 50 Mark II knife variations, all that I am aware of: |
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"Cat's Tongue" (Gerber called it "Steel Grip") handled knives gained their name from the rough sandpaper-like surface of the handles. The surface was created by spraying molten stainless steel on the aluminum handle's surface. The molten steel droplets momentarily melted the aluminum and were imbedded in the handle. The aluminum quickly solidified, fusing the droplets on the handle surface. The guard and pommel are coated with black, non-reflective, Duracron paint. These handles provide a very secure grip even with hands that are wet or slippery. The Cat's Tongue handles are found on the early 1967-1968 knives as well as the 20th. and 35th. Gerber Anniversary knives and knives made exclusively for the Cutlery Shoppe and for A.G. Russell. All of these knives have 6-5/8 to 7-inch long blades with an overall length of 11-5/8 to 12 inches. The total knife weight is approximately 7.3 ounces. All blades are of a flattened diamond shape cross section and have various profiles which are individually described. |
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CT1: CAT'S TONGUE TYPE 1 : "COMBAT"; CAT'S TONGUE; L6 STEEL; NARROW WASP; NO TEETH; 5 DEGREE CANT BLADE; SLANT 1 LOGO The CT1 knives are the earliest production knives. They have the narrow wasp-waisted blades with no serrations. These knives were marketed as "Combat Knives". Basically a dagger designed for sticking, but equally capable of cutting and slashing. The blades of these knives are "canted" about 5 degrees. These blades are also referred to as "bent" or "angled" blades. The cant or bend is normally toward the serial number side of the blade. (See Blade Cant for more info.) The "Cat's Tongue" handles on these knives usually have a dark gray appearance in contrast with the brighter handles of the Anniversary and Cutlery Shoppe knives. The CT1 knives are found on 1967 knives from S/N 001001 to S/N 003747. However, they also can be found outside this range, due to special orders, up to about S/N 004188. NOTE: The very early serial numbers were stamped facing the blade (read with blade pointing down). I have records of three blades 001001, 001030 and 001049 stamped in this manner. Sometime after S/N 001049 the serial number stamping was inverted (read with blade pointing up) and remained this way until the end of production.
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CT3: CAT'S TONGUE TYPE 3 : "20TH. ANNIVERSARY"; CAT'S TONGUE; L6 STEEL; NARROW WASP; NO TEETH; 5 DEGREE CANT BLADE; ETCHED WRITING ON BLADE; SLANT 2 LOGO These knives are reproductions of the original canted blade knives and were made to celebrate the 20th. Anniversary (1986) of the Gerber Mark II's introduction in 1966. The knives are found with a brown leather sheath on a red velveteen (imitation velvet) lined insert in a black cardboard box with a label that reads "Mark II™ / 20th. Anniversary 1966 - 1986 / Serial # xxNNNN / Item No. 5740". Included are a Certificate of Authenticity, A history card and care instructions. The knife is a faithful reproduction of the original, the blade being canted and made of the original L6 tool steel and the handle having the "Cat's Tongue" finish. However there are two major differences: 1) The 4 digit serial number has a XX prefix, while the originals have an all numeric six digit number with leading zeros. 2) The Gerber logo on the Anniversary knives is of the Slant 2 type, while the originals are of the Slant 1 type. (See Blade Logos for more info). There is black script lettering electro-etched on the blade on the logo side that reads "Mark II™ / 20th. Anniversary 1966 - 1986". The blade is also coated with a protective lacquer coating. The coating can be removed with lacquer thinner if desired, but should be replaced with a light coat of oil to prevent rusting. The "Cat's Tongue" handles on these knives have a brighter appearance in contrast with the usually darker gray handles of the original knives. The CT3 knives are found on 1986 knives in the in the serial range of XX0001 - XX5000. The XX prefix on the serial number is the Roman Numerals for twenty and was used to indicate that the knife was the Anniversary issue and not an original earlier knife.
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CT8: CAT'S TONGUE TYPE 8 : "AG RUSSELL LTD. EDITION"; CAT'S TONGUE; 154CM STEEL; NARROW WASP; NO TEETH; NO CANT; ETCHED WRITING ON BLADE; SLANT 3 LOGO These knives are a limited edition made exclusively for A. G. Russell Knives. They have the wide wasp profile blade with no serrations. The blades are made from 145CM stainless steel. There is no electro-etched lettering on the blade and there is no blade cant. Gerber only made 100 of these knives. The "Cat's Tongue" handles on these knives have a brighter appearance in contrast with the usually darker gray handles of the original knives. The CT8 knives are found on 2002 knives with the serial range of Z00001 - Z00100. The significance of the Z prefix on the serial number is unknown. The knives are mostly found in a green velveteen (imitation velvet) lined insert in a black cardboard box with dark brown leather sheath and Certificate of Authenticity. The tag on the box bottom reads "KNIFE, MARK II, AG RUSSELL Item: 22-07006". Note that the COA reads much like the COA of the 2002 Limited Edition knives with the letter A prefix serial numbers and black handles (See Black Armorhide Type 8 for more info).
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When production started on the Mark II, management thought it would be a good idea to offer special MKII’s with gold plated handles that would sell at a higher price. In the beginning every even 100th. serial numbered knife would be built with a gold plated handle. Later, it may have been changed to every even 50th. knife. The Mark II's Cat's Tongue handles were plated with real gold in the Gerber factory plating shop. The only documentation I have is a copy of a flyer from Adrian Van Dyk that states: "A special presentation deluxe Mark II combat knife is now available with a Gold Plated Finish. Supply of these may be limited since only every 50th. knife is a deluxe. Price is $10.00 extra for deluxe." At that time, the Mark II Combat Knife with scabbard sold for $25.00 and the Mark II Combat Knife with steel and piggyback scabbard sold for $31.95. Since $10.00 was 30-40% of the total cost of the knife, not many were ordered. Just under 200 Gold Handles were produced. It took a few years for all of the knives to be sold and no more were made. All of these knives have an overall length of 11-1/2 to 12 inches. The handle length is 5-1/4 inches with 6-1/2 to 7-inch long blades with the narrow wasp profile. There is only one version of this knife.
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In the later part of 1968 Gerber changed the handle finish from "Cat's Tongue" to a light gray colored crinkle finish called "Armorhide" This finish was made by John L. Armitage & Company. Armorhide is a textured coating system based on vinyl dispersion resins (a fluid suspension of a vinyl resin in a liquid plasticizer system). The coating provided superior abrasion resistance when compared to ordinary paint and easily covered scratches and imperfections in the bare handle surface. The guard and pommel are coated with a smooth black paint. Supposedly the handles were painted by a company called Specialty Enameling in Portland, Oregon. These gray handles are found on the late 1968 through late 1977 knives. All of these knives have an overall length of 11-1/2 to 12 inches. The handle length is 5-1/4 inches with 6-1/2 to 7-inch long blades. NOTE: There is a great deal of variation found in the gray handle knives, including blade profiles (narrow wasp and wide wasp), manufacturing process (forged and hand ground) and non-serrated blades as well as 3 serration patterns (two fine and one coarse).
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GA1: GRAY ARMORHIDE TYPE 1 : "COMBAT"; ARMORHIDE; L6 STEEL; NARROW WASP; NO TEETH; SLANT 1 LOGO The GA1 knives are the earliest gray handled knives. They have the narrow wasp-waisted blades with no serrations. The earlier knives were marketed as "Combat Knives" and the later as "Survival Knives". Somewhere between serial no. 024323 and 025186, the Gerber Sword in Stone Logo on the GA1 knives underwent a change. (See Blade Logos for more info.) The GA1 knives are found on late 1968 to early 1972 knives in the approximate serial range of 008709 - 023995.
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GA2: GRAY ARMORHIDE TYPE 2 : "SURVIVAL"; ARMORHIDE; L6 STEEL; NARROW WASP; 14 TEETH/IN.; SLANT 1 & 2 LOGOS The GA2 knives were the result of a new marketing strategy for the Gerber Mark II knife. Vietnam War protests in 1970 caused Gerber to rethink its promotion of the Mark II as strictly a "Combat Knife" and instead market the Mark II as a "Survival Knife". In order to make the knife more acceptable, 2 inches of serrations were added on both sides of the central portion of the blade. The serrations are considered "fine", as opposed to later "coarse" serrations, and have 14 teeth per inch. Typically there are 24-25 teeth on this model. However some knives in the 020210-021291 serial range have 26-27 teeth. The late Al Mar was the inspiration for this change. (See Serrations for more info.). The GA2 knives are found on early 1971 to early 1973 knives in the approximate serial range of 0193?? - 028087.
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Very late in 1977, Gerber changed the color of the Mark II's handle to black. This was a change from the previous "Armorhide" textured coating system based on vinyl dispersion resins to an electrostatically dry powder coated, baked on finish. Electrostatic coating employs a difference in electrical charge between the coating spray and the item to be coated. As the item is sprayed the dry coating particles are attracted to its edges and back side resulting in what is commonly referred to as the "wrap around" effect. The advantages are a very even coating with no thick spots and little waste in the form of over spray. The bare handles to be coated are electrically grounded so that the charged powder particles projected at them adhere to the handles and are held there until melted and fused into an even coating in a curing oven. The change was possibly driven by environmental pollution concerns. This is a more environmentally friendly process as it minimizes the amount of fumes given off by drying a coating containing solvents. It is less costly and there is almost no waste as any dry powder over-spray can be collected and reused. Although it is not technically correct to call the black handles Armorhide, I have done so to avoid confusion. These Black Armorhide (black fused handles) are found on very late 1977 to the end of production knives. All of these knives have an overall length of 11-1/2 to 12 inches. The handle length is 5-1/4 inches with 6-1/2 to 7-inch long blades with several different blade profiles. |
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BA3: BLACK ARMORHIDE TYPE 3 : "SURVIVAL"; POWDER COATED; 440C STEEL; STRAIGHT; NO TEETH; BRUSH FINISH BLADE; VERTICAL 1 & 2 LOGOS In 1982, several changes in the production of the Gerber Mark II were made. (1) A different serial numbering system was adopted. Instead of the previous 6 digit numeric serial number, an alphanumeric numbering system was used. The new serial consisted of an alpha character followed by a 4-digit number and ending with the letter "S" for stainless. The new serial numbering system started with serial A1001S. (2) The Gerber "Sword in Stone" logo was changed to the Vertical 1 type. The new logo has the sword positioned vertically, rather than at a slant. (See Blade Logos for more info). Gerber was a very accommodating company during this early period and special order requests for knives with L6 tool steel blades were honored. These knives were denoted by stamping with a trailing "T" for tool steel rather than the "S" for stainless. These knives are rare and I've seen only two of this model, S/N's B2221T and B2251T. The BA3 knives are found on early 1982 to mid 1994 knives in the approximate serial range of A1818S - L2620S. This serial number range overlaps the BA6 type knives with the "Mark II™" blade etch. I suspect the non-serrated knives with serial numbers above the start of the BA6 knives bypassed the "Mark II™" blade electro-etching process. I have several knives in my collection, I4169S and I4190S, with original brush finish, that show no evidence of the "Mark II™" blade etch. NOTE: The BA3 knives are relatively rare as I've only noted 14 examples out of the 1380 black handles in my records.
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BA4: BLACK ARMORHIDE TYPE 4 : "SURVIVAL"; POWDER COATED; 440C STEEL; STRAIGHT; 8 TEETH/IN.; BRUSH FINISH BLADE; VERTICAL 1 LOGO In 1982, several changes in the production of the Gerber Mark II were made. (1) A different serial numbering system was adopted. Instead of the previous 6 digit numeric serial number, an alphanumeric numbering system was used. The new serial consisted of an alpha character followed by a 4-digit number and ending with the letter "S" for stainless. The new serial numbering system started with serial A1001S. (2) The Gerber "Sword in Stone" logo was changed to the Vertical 1 type. The new logo has the sword positioned vertically, rather than at a slant. (See Blade Logos for more info). The BA4 knives are found on early 1982 to late 1985 knives in the approximate serial range of A1442S - D4272S.
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Sometime in late 1970 or early 1971 Gerber came up with the idea of a yellow handled dive knife. A Yellow color was probably chosen for the Armorhide handle as it was felt that if dropped underwater, the lighter color would be an aid to recovering the knife. I was told that Gerber first attempted to interest the military, apparently with no success. In mid 1971, Gerber introduced their Dive Knives to the general public. All of these knives were issued with a heavy, tallow impregnated leather sheath able to withstand salt water immersion and included two leg straps. They were sold in the brown cardboard box. None of the Yellow handled dive knives have serial numbers. According to a copy of a letter I have from Joseph R. Gerber III, the Gerber factory doesn't have records as to the total number of yellow handled dive knives made. All of the "YA" knives have an overall length of 11-1/2 to 12 inches. The handle length is 5-1/4 inches with 6-1/2 to 7-inch long blades with the narrow wasp profile. NOTE: Some collectors refer to these knives as the "NEPTUNE DIVE KNIFE" but that is incorrect. These knives are properly called the "GERBER MARK II DIVE KNIFE", sometimes shortened to "MARK II D". The NEPTUNE is a completely different Gerber dive knife made around the same period. The NEPTUNE has a clip-point blade with a large-belly and handles that are different from the Mark II. The NEPTUNE can be found in two separate models. It was first issued with an orange Armorhide handle and came with a latex rubber sheath with sharpening steel. A second model was offered in 1971, with a yellow Armorhide handle having a mirror polish butt cap, that came with an oil impregnated leather sheath similar to the Mark II dive knives.
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Sometime in early 1971 Gerber came up with the idea of an orange handle for the Mark II knife. I'm not sure why the orange color was chosen. During this period orange was considered the primary "safety" color. (e.g. Fire engines were red at this time). The aim may have been a higher visibility handle. The color Gerber used is not a pure orange, but has a red tint. Supposedly the handles were painted by a company called Specialty Enameling in Portland, Oregon. Unlike the yellow handled dive knives, with one exception, the orange handled knives were standard production knives with serial numbers, the only difference being the orange colored handle. The exception is the orange handled Eddie Bauer knives which are not serial numbered. WARNING: I have encountered several knives with handles painted orange. A handle can be stripped and repainted orange and double or triple the price of the knife. Armorhide has a distinctive texture that is difficult to reproduce. If the orange handle is smooth or has a shiny surface, it is almost certainly a fake. Your best insurance is to examine and become familiar with the color and texture of original examples.
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The VIETNAM TRIBUTE COLLECTION is a series of four commemorative combat knives, manufactured by Gerber and issued by The American Historical Foundation (AHF) of Richmond, Virginia. The four knives honor the services of the United States Army, Marines, Navy and Air Force in Vietnam from 1961-1973. Each knife blade is individually hand ground, so there are slight differences in the blade lengths. The blades are made of stainless steel and highly polished. The ricasso of the display side of the blade has an insignia or patch relative to that specific branch of the United States Armed Forces. The rest of the display side of the blade has an engraved combat scene with banners on each side. The reverse side of the blade has the standard Gerber name, address and vertical "Sword in Stone" logo. Each knife handle has its own camouflage scheme relative to that specific branch of the US Armed Forces. On the display side of the handle of each knife is a cloisonné seal for that specific branch of service. Each knife has its own wood case made of mahogany. On the inside of the wooden knife case is a certificate of authenticity that tells you the specific branch of the United States Armed Forces for the knife, and the knife's serial number. If all four knives were ordered, having the same serial number, a "Mahogany Master Cabinet" was included into which the four individual wooden cases could be stored. There were 2,500 knives made for each branch of the services. The AHF started taking orders for these knives in 1982. The initial price for each knife was $189. which included the wood case. Later, when AHS moved to a different address, the wood case became an option with a cost of $29. Options included a specified unit insignia on the ricasso for $25., a "Mahogany Master Cabinet" for $29. and a 4-knife, "Gold Leaf Display Mount" with solid brass plaque engraved with the knives' serial number for $139.
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The Presentation Grade knives are the first Mark II knives that seem to favor appearance over functionality. The Presentation Knives were made in two versions. Both have the wide wasp blade profile with a mirror polish and no serrations. However, these knives do not use the one piece aluminum handle. Both handle types have three pieces. A brass guard and pommel comprise two of the pieces. The central handle section of the first version is made from Zebrawood or other exotic woods and the second version handle is made of Sambar Stag. These knives were only made for several years. The first record I have of these knives is a copy of a September 1977 price list that reports the Presentation Grade Mark II for $75. There was no mention of a stag model on that price list. Serial numbers indicate that probably 5000 were made, the majority being the first type with the wood handle. IMPORTANT: The Presentation knives have their own serial number ranges and the Mark II's serial number and date information does not apply. NOTE: I have heard reports that some of these knives were put to use by their owners and found not to be very durable. This is not surprising as the knives seem to be intended for collectors and to be displayed rather than used.
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The President's Collection is a limited edition matched set of two Gerber knives, a Mark II and a Mark I, both with the same serial number. The two knives were issued in a black-cloth lined walnut box. Four retainer prongs are included if the box is to be used as a wall hanging display. No sheaths were included with the knives. These knives do not use the one piece aluminum handle. Four types of sets exist. The handle section of two versions is made from Zebrawood and the handle section of the other two versions is made of Sambar Stag. The four versions are Zebrawood, Zebrawood Engraved, Sambar Stag and Sambar Stag Engraved. The engraving was done on the brass guards and pommels and signed by master engravers such as Barbara Pierce, J. West, George Sherwood, Robert Evans and others. The COA issued with the knives are numbered and signed by Pete Gerber. These knives were only made for several years. All of the sets that I have observed have a serial number less than 1000. I have no information as the number made of each of the four types but the majority were probably the non-engraved models . IMPORTANT: The Presidents Set knives have their own separate serial number ranges and the Mark II's serial number and date information does not apply.
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Sometime in late 1980 or early 1981 a contract was awarded to Northwest Arts and Crafts of Seattle, WA for "Special Edition Ivory Knives". They were to be similar to the Mark II / Mark I President's Collection Sets, with mirror polished blades, but would have carved eagle head ivory handles. Gerber intended to market these high-end special knife sets through selected retailers. Most handles were carved from whale tooth ivory. All these handles have the weight of the carving (in grams) scrimshawed on the underside of the carving along with the federal identification number. These registration numbers make them legal, showing that the sperm whale tooth was federally registered in accordance with the 1972 marine mammals protection act. Additional versions were also made with some handles in the form of Bear, Lion and Griffon. Carvings were also done with elephant and fossilized walrus ivory. Hines Lange, the owner of Northwest Arts and Crafts, handled some or possibly all of the marketing. Most of the knives were sold in Germany and Maui, Hawaii, as Mr. Lange had contacts in both places. Some time in 1985-1986, an order was placed for 25 special Mark II / Mark I ivory handled knife sets. The serialized sets were intended to be gifted to Gerber Executives prior to the Fiskars take-over. (In January 1987, Gerber Legendary Blades was acquired by Fiskars Brands, Inc.) The total number of ivory handled knives made is unknown but probably less than 100. One source states that only 25 sets were made and this is true for the serialized sets intended for the Gerber Executives. However, other ivory handled knives do exist. I know of a collector that has 29 of the ivory handled knives. One source of information stated that the painstaking carving of the eagle heads took so long that Gerber canceled its marketing plans. However, it is also possibly the result of the Northwest Arts and Crafts company closing after the death of the owner, Mr. Lange.
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Prototype is an abused term in the knife collection field. The definition of a prototype is "An original type or form after which other types or forms are developed." Prototypes are usually single pieces or few in number and are rarely serialized. Below are knives that I consider prototypes. Some were successful and others not. Still others were modified before being put into production. I'm sure there are more examples of which I am unaware.
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This section lists knives that are unusual or odd. Most were probably modifications by employees in the Gerber factory and made from production or rejected/damaged blades. Some may be unique items. Some of these knives I refer to as "Lunch Box Specials", made up in the factory by an employee and then smuggled out of the Gerber factory in a lunch box. The lack of a serial number usually means the knife is a "Lunchbox Special". Once the knives are stamped with serial numbers, they enter the inventory system and become more difficult to "liberate".
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HANDLES - Handle materials for the Gerber Mark II include exotic hardwoods, Sambar stag, ivory and aluminum. Exotic hardwoods such as Zebrawood were used on Presentation and President's Set Mark IIs. Likewise a smaller number of Presentation and President's Set Mark II's had Sambar Stag handles. Very detailed carved ivory handles, in the shape of eagle, bear, lion and griffon heads, were used on a small number of knives. However the vast majority of Mark II knives were made with the functional aluminum handle. These handles are a one piece, solid aluminum casting which includes guard, grip and pommel in one strong piece. A practical design, the handle won't rot or corrode. The handles are 5 1/4 inches long. They have a flattened oval cross section and a tapered, palm swell design. The double guards are angled forward and the tapered pommel has a hole for a wrist thong. The handles are cast in two part molds and have a preformed hole for insertion of the blade tang. After being extracted from the mold, the flash from the handle centerline and the sprue from the end of the pommel are removed. Then a lanyard hole was drilled in the pommel and the hole entrance and exit chamfered to remove the sharp edge. The handle was then finish applied. There are 2 main types of aluminum handles. 1) Cat's Tongue, which is a bare aluminum handle sprayed with molten stainless steel, 2) Colored handles coated with Armorhide, a vinyl textured coating or an electrostatically dry powder coated, baked on finish. These finishes are explained in more detail in their respective sections. An example of an unfinished handle (flash removed but no wrist thong hole) is shown below:
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The only Gerber factory handle finishes/colors used on the Gerber Mark II aluminum handled knives are Cat's Tongue, Gold, Gray, Yellow, Orange and Black. The earliest coating was the Cat's Tongue finish. The surface was created by spraying molten stainless steel on the aluminum handle's surface. (See CAT'S TONGUE for more info.) Armorhide coating was used for the Gray, Yellow and Orange handles. The Black handles had an electrostatically dry powder coated, baked on finish. (See BLACK ARMORHIDE for more info.) Gold handles had actual gold plating on the handles. (See GOLD HANDLES for more info.) Cat's Tongue was used on 1967-1968 knives. Gold was an option on even 100 serial numbered knife handles on early 1967-1968 knives. The Gray was used on 1968-1977 knives. Yellow was used on 1971-1974 dive knives. Orange was used on some of the 1971-1974 knives. Black was used on 1977-1998 knives. There were rumors of "White Handles". However, these were just a lighter than normal Gray color. Comparison pictures of a Cat's Tongue Handle, Gold Handle as well as the other colored handles are shown below:
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BLADES - Gerber Mark II blades have an exposed length of 6-1/2 to 7 inches with an additional 1-3/4 inches of a narrower blade tang in the handle. The blades are 1-inch wide and are of a flattened diamond cross section shape with one of three blade profiles. The blade profiles are: 1) Narrow wasp. 2) Wide wasp and 3) Straight. All three profiles are found with and without serrations (teeth). Knife blades prior to 1982 were made from L6 carbon steel, a high-strength oil-hardening tool steel with great toughness and fine edge-holding ability. The 1982 and later blades are made from type 440C stainless steel, which resists corrosion much better than L6 steel does. There is some question as to the exact 440 type used for Mark II stainless blades since there are three common 440 stainless steel types, 440A, 440B and 440C. The carbon content and thus the hardenability, increases from A to C. Conversely, corrosion resistance is highest in 440A and is somewhat less for 440C. Most references denote 440C as the blade steel used for Mark II stainless blades and I have followed that convention. However other references specify the steel as "Universal Cyclops 440A". (Universal - Cyclops Steel Corporation merged into Dixons Group, PLC in 1987). Early Cutlery Shoppe catalogs state that the CS serial knives were made of 440A steel and I have noted that. Blade blanks are first punched from 1/4" thick by 1" wide bar stock with the tang and blade point rough formed. The early L6 knife blades up through 1972 were drop-forged and all have a narrow wasp-waist shape. I was told that there were problems maintaining a constant blade thickness with the forging method. So the L6 blades of the 1973-1981 period were hand ground in the wide wasp-waist shape. Since each blade was ground free-hand, you will encounter some variability in blade shape during this period. The 1982 and later blades are made from 440C stainless steel and the wasp shaped blade was eliminated in favor of a straight blade profile. At some point the Gerber name, address and "Sword in Stone" logo was stamped on the obverse blade ricasso and the serial number on the reverse ricasso. After heat treatment, grinding, cutting of serrations (if any), sharpening and final polish, the notched blade tang and handle tang hole are coated with a thermosetting epoxy and the blade tang inserted into the handle. I have never heard of a handle that loosened from the blade. Raw punched blade blanks, a flat ground serialized unfinished blade and an early finished blade are shown below. NOTE: Occasionally one encounters a Mark II knife for sale that is unmarked and touted as being "Sterile" and allegedly used by "Special Forces". To my knowledge, no knives were intentionally produced without markings. This is a rumor, probably inspired by the unmarked SOG (Special Operations Group) knives used in Vietnam.
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BLADE FINISHES - There are only four blade surface finishes encountered on the Mark II blade. They are: 1) Brushed - Found on the vast majority of Mark II blades. This blade finish is accomplished by abrading or "brushing" the blade , usually with a fine grit wheel. The brushing gives the blade a distinctive look, retaining some of its luster along with a pattern of very fine lines. The lines all run in the same direction, along the length of the blade. There are some periods where the just the blade cutting edges are highly polished and are razor sharp.
2) Blued - Found on some early production Mark IIs. Gerber offered a small plastic bottle of Blueing (sic) Solution that allowed a knife owner "to field blue your combat knife for camouflage purposes." (See Bluing Bottle for more info.)
3) High Polish - This is the standard finish for all Presentation, Presidents Collection and Carved Ivory Mark IIs. However, there are standard production knives where the entire blade was factory buffed to a high polish. I don't know if these were special orders or just trial pieces. Polished blades can be found on some Cat's Tongue and early gray Armorhide handled knives.
4) Black Coated - These are the BA5 type knives with a baked on, smooth, non-reflective, black coating similar to Gun-Kote Occasionally you will encounter a dull gray frosted finish on a Mark II blade. This finish was never offered by the factory and was done after purchase by means of sand or bead blasting. NOTE: Any pattern of lines running perpendicular to the blade length indicates non-factory buffing. It is usually done to clean the blade of rust, stains or corrosion. Also examine any high polish blade for the same reason. Examine the area of the ricasso near the handle for a change in blade finish as a standard buffing wheel cannot buff this area without removing paint from the guard. Also look for rounding of the triangular ricasso to blade transition edge which indicates heavy careless buffing. |
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BLADE CANT - The early 1967 knife blades are "canted" about 5 degrees. These blades are also referred to as "bent" or "angled" blades. The cant or bend is normally toward the serial number side of the blade. There is a lot of mistaken information about the cant design. One of the supposed reasons for the cant was that "when the knife is held with the blade parallel to the ground, the angle was designed to keep the blade level to compensate for the natural bend of the wrist". A second was that "the cant was designed for easy targeting of the enemy's kidneys". A third was that "the cant was designed to slip under the ribcage and up into the heart". A forth, supposedly attributed to Greg Walker, states "This offset was intended to compensate for the angle of attack between the clavicles and position the blade for a more accurate strike into the vital organs when performing a rear overhead strike or upward thrust into the abdominal area from behind (as used for sentry removal)". How absurd! The simple truth is that the cant was a design feature that allowed the knife, when sheathed, to be kept closer to the body. The bend allowed a better match to the curved contour of the hip, calf or inverted carry taped to chest web gear and thus would help to reduce snagging. However the cant feature was quickly dropped. So many knives were returned from stores and individuals, with requests to straighten their crooked blades, that Gerber just made them all straight to end the problem of returns. When the blade is assembled to the handle of a Mark II, the tang of the blade and hole in the handle are coated with epoxy and the tang inserted in the handle. The hole in the aluminum handle is somewhat larger than the blade tang. The cant or off-set in the blade was accomplished by simply angling the blade when the blade was inserted into the handles. Simple fixtures were used that would gage the degree of cant or off-set in the blade to maintain consistency from knife to knife. There are however occasional knives in the 001001 to 003747 cant serial number range that have no or only a small amount of cant. So if something allowed the blade to fall out of alignment before the epoxy hardens, then the degree of cant will be affected. The only knives with an intentional factory cant include the following: 1) The 1967 CT1 knives from S/N 001001 to S/N 003747. However, they also can be found outside this range, due to special orders, up to about S/N 004987. And there are occasional other Cat's Tongue Handle knives far outside this range, but they are rare. For example I have noted Cat's Tongue Handles on S/N's 008236 and 019785. 2) The 1969 I.G.S. special order GA1I knives ordered with 10-degree cant from S/N I.G.S./00001 to S/N I.G.S./00012 3) The 1986 20th. Anniversary CT3 and CT3N knives from S/N XX0001 to S/N XX5000. 4) The 1989 to 1994 Cutlery Shop CT5 knives with serrations scattered throughout the serial number range of CS0006 - CS1859. There are also some gray Armorhide handles that have small (approx. 1-2 degree) cants to them. These knives cannot be considered canted blades. In addition there are also some "Lunch Box Special" knives, some without a serial number, that have a true cant.
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SERRATIONS - Serrations were first introduced on the Gerber Mark II as an option on the Gray Armorhide handled knives of 1971. Two inches of serrations were added on both sides of the central portion of the blade. The serrations have a scalloped profile with pointed tips and are cut into only one side of the blade, the logo side. (Serrations cut into the serial number side can occasionally be found). The reason for their introduction was directly due to Vietnam War protests and possibly requests from users or suggestions from the field. The Vietnam War protests in the early 1970's caused the military to threaten to remove the Mark II from the US Military PX system due to its "killer" image. This caused Gerber to rethink its' promotion of the Mark II as strictly a "Combat Knife". So serrations became an integral part of a new marketing strategy for the Gerber Mark II and Gerber started marketing the Mark II as a "Survival Knife". The late Al Mar redesigned the Mark II and was the inspiration for this marketing change. The "Combat Knife" designation was replaced by "Survival Knife" on all subsequent Gerber Mark II advertising/brochures. The Mark II continued to be offered in the Military PX system after the "Survival Knife" designation was made. On knives with scalloped type serrations, the serrations are measured by the number of teeth per inch (TPI). Three different serration densities can be found on pre 1999 Gerber Mark IIs. Two types are considered "fine" and one type "coarse" as follows: 1) 14 TPI Fine - Found from early 1971 to mid 1976 knives in observed S/N range of 0193?? - 049650. 2) 12 TPI Fine - Found from early 1974 to mid 1976 knives in observed S/N range of 034113 - 050796. 3) 8 TPI Coarse - Found from mid 1976 to end of production knives in observed S/N range of 049939 - N4121S. The change towards "coarser" serrations seems to indicate that the original 14 TPI teeth were not aggressive enough in their cutting ability. Possibly Gerber added a second serration cutting machine, choosing a 12 TPI serration. Note that the GA5 knife (12 TPI version) was started 2 years later than the GA4 knives (14 TPI version), but that their ending serial numbers are very close. This seems to indicate that both the GA4 and GA5 versions of the knife were being produced at the same time during the period from early 1974 to mid 1976. In 1976 a change was made to the 8 TPI serrations which became the standard for all future Mark II serrated knives. Serrated knives essentially cut by tearing rather than slicing. A big advantage is that serrated knives cut much better than knives with a plain edge when they are dull. The big disadvantage of serrated knives, however, is that they are difficult to sharpen, except with a special tool or by a professional. Examples of the three scalloped serration types are shown below.
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When Gerber re-introduced the Mark II in 2008, the serration design was changed so that the serrated tip shape instead of being pointed was altered to a flat chisel tooth form. There are still two inches of serrations however there are only 11 teeth on each blade edge. This gives a tooth density of about 5.6 TPI.
There is no difficulty in sharpening the flat chisel shaped teeth as they are ground on the same plane as the blade edge. This allows these serrations to be sharpened at the same time as the blade is sharpened, a definite improvement over the previous pointed tip shape.
An example of the chisel tooth serrations of the 2008 Mark II is shown below.
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SERIAL NUMBERS - Serial numbers make dating the Mark II knives a simple process. It is fortunate for collectors that Gerber decided to stamp Mark II blades with a serial number as this added an extra step in knife production and thus extra cost. To my knowledge, no knives were intentionally produced without serial numbers. However knives can be found that have no serial number and some are totally unmarked, missing both a serial number and the Gerber logo. I've been told that Mark II prototypes and salesmen's samples were all stamped with a 000000 (six zeros) serial number. The number of these knives is unknown. Serial numbering of production knives started with a six digit serial number, 001001 in early 1967 and continued to serial 112000 at the end of 1981. Almost all of these knives have blades which are made of L6 tool steel. However I noted one knife in this range stamped with an "S", S/N 096939S, which indicates that the blade is made of stainless steel. This is a roughly Aug.-1980 knife and was probably a trial piece. The very early serial numbers were inverted, i.e. stamped where the digits are read with the blade pointing down. I have records of three blades 001001, 001030 and 001049 stamped in this manner. Sometime after S/N 001049 and before S/N 001116 the serial number stamping was rotated 180 degrees (digits read with blade pointing up) and remained this way until the end of production. There is speculation that the early inverted serial numbers appear only on the first day of the Mark II's production. I have no idea why the change was made. In 1982 the knife blade steel was changed from the previous L6 tool steel to 440C stainless steel and an alphanumeric numbering system was used. The new serial numbering system started with serial A1001S and continued to at least N4121S, the highest serial number that I have encountered. Special order requests for knives with L6 tool steel blades were honored for a short period after the start of the new serial numbering scheme. These knives were denoted by stamping with a trailing "T" for tool steel rather than the "S" for stainless. The "T" suffix knives are rare and I've seen only three of them, two BA3 models, S/N B2221T and S/N B2251T plus a BA5 model, S/N A1504T. During production, the serial stamping dies would occasionally suffer partial or total breakage. A common effect of a partial breakdown results in missing leading zeros. For example S/Ns 05266, 05352, 05396 and 05542 are missing a single leading zero. Serial Numbers 9613, 9681, 9705, 9777, 9917, 9934 and 9989 are missing two leading zeros. A single leading zero is again missing on many knives between S/N 10034 and 12107. I don't know if the leading zero problem is sporadic or continuous in the range of the above mentioned serial numbers. A total breakdown of serial number stamping dies resulted in the Gerber factory applying the serial numbers with an electro-etch. The first example I've seen of an etched S/N is 12588 (no leading zero etched). Others are 012857, 015466, 16356(acid etched), 016498, 048108, 048136, 048162, 062395, 067824, 068625, 068632, 070079, 073432, 074736, 074867, 074960 and 083949. Knives can also be found with the Gerber Sword-In-Stone logo etched. The first example of an etched logo is 016356 and has both the logo and the S/N acid etched. Other examples with only the logo etched are 021681, 027700, 028629, 030018, 045985, 061150, 094664, 094796, 094861, 095615 and 096916. Examples that have both the logo and S/N etched are 016356 048162 and 083949. Stamp breakdowns occurred much less frequently with the stainless steel knives, possibly because of more durable production machinery. I have recorded only four examples of an electro-etched serial number between 1982 and the end of production, A7046S, C4815S, K4362S and L6594S. I recorded only two examples of the etched Sword-In-Stone logo, C0725S and C9889S. Examples of several serial number stamps are shown below.
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GERBER LOGOS - There are five different "Sword in Stone" logos that are stamped on the obverse blade ricasso of Gerber Mark II knives. These logos can be used to roughly date a knife in the case of a missing serial number. However, it is sometimes difficult to differentiate the first and second slant logos because of an extra heavy stamp. Also there are periods where either the logo stamping machine broke down or the die itself broke. During these periods the logos were acid etched (earlier knives) or electro-etched (later knives) on the ricasso. The first example of an etched logo is 016356 and has both the logo and the S/N etched. Other examples with only the logo etched are 028629, 030018, 045985, 094796, 094861 and 095615. Stamp breakdowns occurred much less frequently with the stainless steel knives, probably because of more durable production machinery. Only two examples of the etched Sword-In-Stone logo, C0725S and C9889S were noted. The five logos in order of introduction are as follows:
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1) First Slant Logo: This is the first logo used and is distinguished in several ways. First, the sword axis is slanted with respect to the knife blade's long axis and the sword handle is somewhat angular and composed of straight lines. Second, both guards are angled. Third, there is a comma following the period after the letters "ORE." at the bottom of the logo. Note that it is often impossible to make out the comma on a heavy stamping as the period and comma merge into a single mark. This logo was used during the years 1967-1972 in the serial number range of 001001 to sometime shortly after 024323.
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2) Second Slant Logo: This is the second logo to appear on Gerber Mark II blades and is distinguished in several ways. First, the sword axis is slanted with respect to the knife blade's long axis and the sword handle is more rounded and composed of ovals. Second, both guards are rounded with a hook shape. Third, there is no comma following the period after the letters "ORE." at the bottom of the logo. This logo was used during the years mid 1972 through late 1981 in the approximate serial number range of 025186 to 111094. I believe the change was made when Gerber changed from the narrow wasp to the wide wasp profile blade.
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3) First Vertical Logo: This is the third logo to appear on Gerber Mark II blades and is distinguished in several ways. First, the sword axis is vertical and in line with the knife blade's long axis rather than being slanted and the sword has a more stylized look. Second, the stone part of the logo is made up of mostly 4-sided angular shapes stacked together rather than the previous jagged mound shape with cracks. Third, of the two blocks of the "stone" to the left of the sword, the the top of the one further to the left is lower than the one closer to the sword. Forth, the letter "G" in the Gerber name has the normal horizontal portion pointing back to the inside of the letter. This logo was used during the years 1982-1989 in the approximate serial number range of A1001S to I4190S. The logo change was made when Gerber changed to the alphanumeric serial numbering system.
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4) Second Vertical Logo: This is the fourth logo to appear on Gerber Mark II blades and is distinguished in several ways. First, the sword axis is vertical and in line with the knife blade's long axis rather than being slanted and the sword has a more stylized look. Second, the stone part of the logo is made up of mostly triangular shapes stacked together rather than the previous 4-sided angular blocks. Third, of the two portions of the "stone" to the left of the sword, the top of the one further to the left is slightly higher than the one closer to the sword. Forth, the letter "G" in the Gerber name does not have a horizontal portion pointing back to the inside of the letter. This logo was used during the years 1990-1998 in the approximate serial number range of I8698S to the end of normal production, N4121S being the last serial number I have noted. I don't know the reason for this logo change.
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5) Third Slant Logo: This logo is was adopted in the year 2002 and continues to be used on the current production knives. This logo can be found on the following knives: There are 1500 of the "2002 Limited Edition" knives in the serial number range of A00001 to A01500. There are 100 of the Limited Edition A. G. Russell knives in the serial number range of Z00001 to Z00100. The current production of the Mark II, re-introduced in 2008, in the serial number range of 00001 to ?????. There are 1500 of the "70th. Anniversary" knives in the serial number range of 00001 to 01500.
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Logos were also etched, for short periods, when the logo stamping machinery broke down. Early knives were acid etched. Later knives were electro-etched. Acid etching forms a deep etch and the etched area has an uneven pitted surface with a bright appearance. By contrast, electro-etching is very shallow, the etched area has very flat surface and is dark gray or black in appearance. Examples of several of the etched logos are shown below.
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BLADE ENGRAVING - One of the options the Gerber Company offered on the Mark II was "Engraving" the blade with a name and/or serial number. Engraving is a misnomer as the lettering was done by means of acid etching. The method used was to first coat the blade with a "resist", a material that is acid resistant, such as wax. Next the letters are scored through the coating down to the blade surface and an acid applied over the scored lettering. After waiting a period of time to allow the acid to etch the steel, the acid is washed from the blade and the "resist" removed. WARNING: Unscrupulous individuals have been known to use machine engraving in an attempt to fool unsuspecting buyers. Acid etching results in very distinctive lettering which is different from machine engraving, electro-etching or laser marking. When looked at under a magnifying lens, acid etched lettering is seen to be comprised of a series of small uneven pits in the metal. If the lettering on a Vietnam era knife is examined and found to be smooth and uniform, the engraving was done at some later time and not by the Gerber Factory. There may be exceptions where the engraving was done in-country Vietnam but again, I would be very wary of a knife with smooth engraving that did not have a foolproof provenance. An example of Gerber Factory acid etching is shown below:
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